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Excavations at Panattoni Park, at Harpole within the Nene Valley
west of Northampton, uncovered part of a Roman villa and evidence
for preceding prehistoric and early Roman settlement. The earliest
evidence was a Mesolithic flint-knapping site. During the early
Iron Age or at the start of the middle Iron Age, a pit alignment
was constructed running down the valley side. A middle Iron Age
settlement of at least seven roundhouses lay 450m to the east of
the pit alignment. It is likely that both the boundary and the
settlement were associated with cattle grazing on the valley floor,
and the settlement may have been seasonally occupied. An enclosure
complex was constructed against the pit alignment during the late
Iron Age and occupied until c AD 50/70, after which there was an
apparent hiatus of about a century before the establishment of the
villa during the mid-2nd century. The villa was first discovered in
the 1840s when a mosaic was accidentally uncovered. It was believed
to have been largely destroyed during widening of the adjacent
A4500 road in 1966 when excavation of only a small area was
possible. However, the new excavation has demonstrated the survival
of part of the main villa complex, including a substantial aisled
building that may have formed the southern range. An extensive part
of the agricultural landscape surrounding the villa was
investigated, including an area devoted to malting and an enclosure
complex used as a stockyard for processing livestock. A further
notable find was a small hoard of mower's tools, perhaps the
toolkit of an individual agricultural worker. A building
interpreted as a temple-mausoleum of Romano-Celtic form situated
beside a spring channel was also investigated. Pollen from the
channel indicating the presence of a walnut grove may be the
earliest definite evidence for the cultivation of walnut trees in
Britain.
The name Montessori is widely and inextricably associated with an
entirely child-centered and careful pedagogy and education of
children. Maria Montessori (1870-1952) was an Italian physician,
reform educator, and philosopher whose ideas and work have remained
influential throughout the world ever since the 1910s. Her
educational concept covers entire development from infancy to young
adulthood. It is based on the image of the child as a “builder of
his or her self” and therefore uses for the first time the form
of open teaching and free work in a prepared learning environment.
Montessori schools became trend-setting educational institutions
early on, and their concept strongly reflects in their architecture
and equipment. Montessori Architecture is the first book that
comprehensively addresses architectural design, construction, the
use of materials in and the furnishing of educational spaces
according to Montessori’s ideas. The book’s first part explores
spatial and design principles that make up good kindergarten and
school buildings. In the second part, nine case studies are
featured in detail through photographs, plans, and concise texts.
These examples are located in Europe (Netherlands, Belgium, Great
Britain) as well as in tropical countries (Burkina Faso, Tanzania,
Bangladesh, Sir Lanka). Thus, this highly illustrative volume
offers practical advice and a wealth of information that is of
utmost importance for the design of school buildings in general.
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Excavations by Oxford Archaeology in advance of a programme of
improvements to the railway between Bicester and Oxford
investigated part of the south-eastern extramural settlement
associated with the Roman fortress and subsequent town at
Alchester, Oxfordshire, as well as rural settlements in its rural
hinterland. The investigations at Alchester extended across two
successive routes south to Dorchester-on-Thames, the earlier of
which by-passed the eastern side of Otmoor and was superseded by a
more direct route across the moor at the end of the 1st century AD.
Settlement beside the earlier road may have been a successor to a
pre-Roman settlement and appears from artefactual evidence to have
been of quite high status during the initial, military phase,
although no contemporary structural evidence was found.
Stone-founded buildings were constructed during the late 1st-early
2nd century, including two single-celled structures of uncertain
function that may represent a gatehouse or a pair of shrines. The
buildings were demolished by c AD 200, when the area was abandoned.
An insight into the diverse lives of the inhabitants is provided by
finds that included part of a priestly headdress, two pairs of
slave shackles and a group of roof tiles bearing the footprints of
a young child. The extramural settlement may have been partly rural
in character, involved in farming the landscape around the town,
which was intensively managed for agricultural production, probably
as meadow and pasture. Ditched enclosures beside the later road may
have been part of a second extramural area or a discrete farming
establishment. No buildings were identified but two large pits
contained domestic refuse and building material. Excavations at six
other locations investigated farmsteads that dated from the middle
Iron Age to the 3rd century AD and included a rare deposit of
debris from copper and iron working from a middle Iron Age
enclosure ditch.
From abortion to zoning "The Making of a Police State" is hard
hitting and fast paced, exploring and uncovering many of the
deceptions used to undermine the freedoms of America. With many
personal examples and substantiated facts, you will see how this
agenda affects your everyday lives. See how the elitists are
infringing on the Bill of Rights and rewriting the meaning of the
Constitution and the Declaration of Independence to adversely
affect you. See who is attempting to control your property, how
your children are being desensitized and indoctrinated into the
socialist mindset and learn of local politicians techniques to grab
power from the people. Your eyes will be opened to the "public
safety," "for the children" and "junk science" argument in attempts
to control you and your family. Read about the untruths of the
environmentalists and the real reason behind the "green movement."
Chapter 12 reveals the true face of evil which leads the charge in
the anti-American movement. Learn of your rights and
responsibilities in combating this far left movement.
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